Sultan Jalaluddin Muhammad Khawarizm Shah
Jalaluddin Muhammad from 1220 to 1231
After the death of Allauddin Muhammad, his three sons reached Khwarizm by sea, where they were warmly received, but at the same time, Jalaluddin heard of the Mughals' departure for Iraq. So Jalaluddin went to Manqshalagh and collected as many donkeys and horses as he could find in the area and sent messengers to Khwarizm.
His brother Arzalaq Sultan who was crowned by his father and another brother Aq Sultan and Arzalaq Sultan's uncle Joji Pehlwan. Takin Jai Takin. Inmol Hajib and Timur Malik were in Khwarazm with 90,000 Qaphaqi Turks. Since the government and authority of Khwarizm Shah had handed over power to Arzalaq Sultan at the instigation of his queen Turkan woman.
Who was still young and intellectually ignorant.
When these brothers arrived, there was a difference of opinion among the people. Everyone seemed inclined towards Prince Jalaluddin.
Conspiracy against Jalaluddin:
Although there were strong covenants between the brothers. But the malicious princes conspired to destroy Jalaluddin's work by some trick. One of them warned Jalaluddin about the situation.
When the Sultan heard that these people now think of opposition and enmity instead of unity. Taking the opportunity, Shadiakh left Khwarizm via Nisa. When he reached the equator, he met the Tatar army on the hill of Shahaqan and fought with this group for a long time with a few men. Until nightfall and liberation from the Tartars.
The escape and destruction of the brothers:
When Jalaluddin's brothers heard the news of the Mughals coming towards them, they could not resist and ran after Jalaluddin and the next day on the same hill they met the Mughals with whom Jalaluddin had come face to face.
Already in the attack, they lost their footing and fled. But they were captured by the Tartars and became the food of the Mughals, including their subordinates.
The pursuit of Jalaluddin:
Sultan Jalaluddin was now the only prince who could be considered the heir to the Khwarizm throne. So he escaped from the Mughals and spent two or three days preparing for the coach, until suddenly he left for Ghazni in the middle of the night.
Because his father had given him the manor of Ghazni. It did not take more than an hour for this departure and arrival of the Mughal army. When they found out that the city was empty of sultans, they immediately pursued it.
The Sultan had stopped Malik Elderk at a crossroads with some men. So that if the enemy army came out in pursuit, hold it for a while until there was a considerable distance between him and the enemy. The enemy arrived within an hour and after a short confrontation ran away to the other side.
Where the Sultan had not gone. Thinking that the Sultan had also gone this way, the Tatars also ran in the same direction. But failed to return.
Sultan's arrival in Zuzan:
Sultan covered a distance of forty furlongs in one coach. When the Sultan reached Zuzan and wanted to enter Zuzan so that his horses could get a chance to buy something cheap. The townspeople opposed the sultan and refused to stay in the fort.
As if he wanted the Mughal army to come. So he could fight them for a while and not suddenly come from behind. But instead of taking refuge, the people of the city said that if the Mughal army came, they would shoot arrows at you from here and we would rain bricks and stones from here. When the Sultan learned of their betrayal, he left.
Arrival in Ghazni:
The Mughals pursued the Sultan to Hardavia but the Sultan escaped and reached Ghazni.
When the Sultan reached Ghazni, Amin Malik was there to receive him with fifty thousand soldiers. The arrival of the Sultan encouraged the subjects. The Sultan spent the winter in the lush plains of Ghazni, and when news of his arrival spread, armies and tribes flocked from all sides. Saif-ud-Din Aghraq came to the service of the Sultan with forty thousand brave men and the princes of Ghor also came from all sides.
Victory over the Tatars:
When the Sultan had gathered a large army, he started out of Ghazni in the spring and set out with the intention of leaving. Conquer it. The Sultan left the equipment in Parwan and attacked Jak and Mulgur with his army.
A thousand men of the Tatar army were killed. Because the Sultan's army was large in number. So the Mughal army crossed the river and destroyed the bridge and encamped on the other side of the river and kept shooting arrows at each other till nightfall.
At midnight the Mughal army marched. The Sultan returned and at the same time took a lot of booty. All the booty was distributed among the soldiers of the army.
After that Parwan went back.
When Genghis Khan received this news, he selected many cavalry from the lashkar and sent Shiki Qutuko with thirty thousand cavalry. When the Sultan reached Parwan, a week later, around noon, the Mughal army arrived. The Sultan also came prepared again and went one furlong forward and straightened the rows.
Battle of Shiki Qutuko:
The Sultan handed over the army of the right wing to Amin Malik and the army of the left wing to Saifuddin Malik Aghraq and he himself joined the middle army and ordered that all the army would be on foot.
The army grabbed the horses and prepared to kill them. Because the right wing army was more than the Mughals. Tens of thousands of warriors attacked the enemy's left arm and dislocated its legsGiven and continued to receive reinforcements from his middle army and left-wing army. They even pushed the Mughal army to the center. Many were killed on both sides in the attacks.
But no one turned their backs on the enemy. Till night came and the two sides came to their respective camps.
The next day, the Mughals placed a statue on each horse to show off their army. When the two armies lined up and the Sultan's soldiers saw another line behind the Mughal army, they thought they had received reinforcements. Frightened, he advised to run and hide in the mountains.
But the Sultan did not agree to this and refrained from evil intentions.
As usual, the Sultan's cavalry dismounted on the second day as the Mughal army had already seen the dominance of the Aghraq army. So he chose the brave and attacked the Sultan's arms. The soldiers of Aghraq raised their bows and fought fiercely and repulsed the enemy with a great barrage of arrows.
When the Mughals turned their backs on the attack and marched towards their center. The Sultan ordered the trumpet to be blown and all the army mounted on horses and the enemy army, which had attacked at once, fled. But on the way they turned once more and fell on the Sultan's army, killing about five hundred men. The Sultan also arrived like a lion. The Mughals fled and the two chiefs went to the service of Genghis Khan with a few men. The Sultan's army was engaged in looting.
The quarrel between Aminuddin and Saifuddin:
A dispute arose between Amin Malik and Aghraq over the ownership of a good breed of horse. Amin Malik got angry and hit Saifuddin Aghraq on the head with a whip. The Sultan did not interrogate because he did not trust the Qanqali army to tolerate interrogation. Aghraq stayed all day but at night he ran towards the mountains of Kerman.
The Sultan's power was shattered by his opposition. So he turned to Ghazni to cross the Indus.
Attack of Genghis Khan:
Genghis Khan had just finished the Talqan campaign and when he heard of the split of the Sultan's army, he attacked the Sultan with a fiery army like lightning. When the news reached the Sultan, he fought back. He ordered to prepare boats to cross the Indus River.
Aur Khan, who was in every first division, defeated Genghis Khan and joined the Sultan. When the intention of Genghis Khan was discovered, he came forward to block his way. When morning came, the Sultan saw a river on one side and a fiery army on the other side, but the Sultan did not give up and agreed to fight valiantly. Genghis Khan attacked Amin Malik's army.
Defeated, Malik fled to Peshawar. But on the way he was killed by the Mughals. The left-wing army also lost its footing. The Sultan fought with seven hundred men in the middle army and fought from morning till noon, sometimes from left to right and sometimes from left to the central army. Grata Genghis Khan's men were advancing and the battlefield was getting narrow on the Sultan.
When the Sultan saw that the condition of distress had worsened, he was compelled to give up the idea of name and appearance with sad eyes and dry lips. Ajash Malik grabbed the garden of Sultan's cousin and brought it back. The Sultan bade farewell to his sons and loved ones with tears in his eyes and burning heart and ordered that the horse be prepared and when he rode on it he once again entered the army of trouble.
He pushed the army back and turned the horse's saddle and threw the armor off his body. He whipped the horse and threw the horse into the river from a distance of thirty feet from the shore to the water and crossed the river straight like a brave man.
Genghis Khan also wanted the Mughal army to pursue him and arrest this brave man. But putting a horse in this ocean was not an easy task.
So Genghis and the rest of the army stopped on the banks of the Indus and rained arrows on a handful of these heroes. Here only seven men out of a hundred reached the other shore with the Sultan and took off their clothes and put them in the bushes to dry. The Sultan buried the spear on the ground and placed his crown on its tip. Which he held in his hand while crossing the river.Genghis Khan and all his Mughals put their fingers in their mouths in astonishment. When Genghis Khan saw this, he turned to his sons and said, "This is how a father's son should be. Blessed are the mothers who breastfeed such lions." He has reached the shore, he will cause great strife.
How can a wise man be oblivious to his work? If this person survives, I am afraid that he will lose the name of the Mughals from the world. Think of a plan to assassinate him as soon as possible. But nothing could have happened except that Genghis Khan, saddened and grieved, returned from the banks of the Indus. This incident took place on 625 AH.
Arrival in India:
When the Sultan crossed the river, there were only six men with him.
Who escaped the raging waves of the river. They hid in the forest for two days, until fifty men and spies informed the Sultan that the Indian bandits, both on foot and on horseback. The two are indulging in luxuries at a distance of furlongs. The sultan ordered all his companions to cut off their sticks, and after killing them at night, snatched the cattle and weapons.Some other men came from the Sultan.
When the Sultan was informed that three thousand Indian soldiers were present in the area, he attacked with 120 men and defeated the Indians. The booty repaired army equipment. Soon another Indian army of a thousand attacked the Sultan. The Sultan defeated him with 500 cavalry. Now the Sultan's army became four thousand and the news of this new power reached Genghis Khan in Ghazni.
Genghis Khan sent an army against the Sultan under the command of Rabai Naqshi. Instead of fighting, the Sultan turned towards Delhi. The Mughals, hearing the news of his escape, destroyed the area of Shahpur.
Sending an embassy to Al-Tutmish:
The Sultan sent Ain-ul-Mulk as an envoy to Sultan Al-Tutmish and said that the Sharifs are the refuge of the Sharifs. Since the revolution of time has proved the right of neighborliness and pilgrimage, there are less opportunities for such hospitality.
If the two sides show pure friendship, the enemy will not dare to attack after hearing the news of our agreement and begged them to make a place for a few days.
Al-Tamish was a very far-sighted ruler. He was also afraid of Jalaluddin's bravery and was afraid of revolt of Hindu subjects in case of attack by other Mughals. Therefore, Sultan Jalaluddin apologized for setting up the place by sending gifts as he thought it was a good idea to postpone it.
Wherever the Sultan resides and clears the area of insurgents, it will belong to him.
When this message reached the Sultan, he returned and went to Kharistan Namak and the soldiers who had fled from all sides started gathering around him and when it became ten thousand Tajuddin brought a lot of booty.
Occupy Attack:
The Sultan attacked Nasir-ud-Din Qabacha at Och and the conquered Qabacha fled towards Bhakkar.
Siege of Dawar Fort:
After Och, Sultan Dawar besieged the fort. In this battle, the Sultan's hand was injured by an arrow. When the fort was conquered, all the people were killed. After that, Lajin, the ruler of Qabacha, defeated Khatai and boarded a boat and marched towards Kurdbel and built a mosque here.
Departure for Iraq:
The Sultan's brother Ghias-ud-Din was occupying Iraq. His subjects sympathized with Jalaluddin. Barak Hajib was besieged in Kerman and the arrival of the Mughal army was also reported.
From there the Sultan walked towards Makran. Barak Hajib received and gave his daughter in marriage to the Sultan. The sultan called his son "Qarandish" (brother).
Arrival in Shiraz:
Arriving here, the Sultan received many gifts and from here turned to Isfahan. Here Atabak Muzaffaruddin Abu Bakr was imprisoned by his father Saad because he rebelled against his father and injured him.
Because he was a supporter of the Sultan. So, on his recommendation, he released him and did the same with him.
War with Ghias-ud-Din:
The Sultan was informed that Ghiasuddin was in Ray. So he attacked him and defeated him. Ghias-ud-Din asked for peace because he had lost his temper with his subjects. When he came to the Sultan's service, the Sultan was very kind and sent his servants to do their work. Thus, with the arrival of the Sultan, the people of these provinces hoped for security.
to be continued